Odysseus led the Cephalenians who held Ithaca, Neritum (Neriton), Crocyleia, Aigilips, Zacynthus, Samos, and "the mainland and the places next to the crossing" (2.631-637). There has been much debate about these lines and how they differed from the places Odysseus said comprised his kingdom in the Odyssey (Odyssey, 9.19-28). Were Crocyleia and Aigilips, for example, islands or regions of Ithaca? For illustrative purposes I have treated them as regions of Ithaca in the video of photographs below. They had disappeared by the time of the Odyssey. The videos show Ithaca as seen from Cephalonia and the gulf of Molo, with links to other videos taken on Ithaka, of the north of the island (Crocyleia) and the south (Aigilips), and photographs of Zacynthus including the lake where Herodotus saw tar being drawn to seal ships (4.195.2-3). There are no photographs of the mainland (2.635) because it is uncertain to which areas the poet was referring, Elis or Acarnania.
Locations:38°22'50.8"N 20°41'07.0"E (Ithaka, Gulf of Molo), 37°41'09.6"N 20°49'50.6"E (tar lake, Keri, Zacynthus)
Seven localities, one leader, 12 ships, unspecified number of men.
Click here to see videos taken around Ithaca.